Photo of Richard Zack

Rich is a seasoned former federal prosecutor who represents financial institutions and range of other businesses and individuals facing investigation by federal and state law enforcement and regulatory authorities. He also represents business and individual victims of crime.

On April 14, Iowa Attorney General (AG) Brenna Bird, leading a coalition of 13 state AGs, sent a pointed letter to Visa, Mastercard, American Express, and Discover. Their message was clear: payment networks are expected to help shut down the U.S. market for unauthorized e‑cigarette products.

For financial services institutions that support e-cigarette merchants — card networks, sponsor banks, acquirers, independent sales organizations (ISOs), payment service providers (PSPs), and platforms — this letter is the latest signal of increased regulatory and enforcement risk for financial services companies that provide services to sellers of unauthorized e-cigarette products.