Coming on the heels of the Reagan-Udall Foundation report on the Center for Tobacco Products (CTP) at the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the U.S. House of Representatives’ Committee on Oversight and Accountability has commenced an investigation into CTP’s regulation of tobacco and nicotine products.  In a letter to FDA Commissioner Robert Califf, the Committee notes that CTP has failed to effectively administer its tobacco and nicotine regulations, resulting in uncertainty by compliant stakeholders and a proliferation of unsafe and unregulated products in the marketplace.  The Committee has requested a variety of documents and a staff-level briefing regarding CTP’s activities.

This is the second post in our multipart series evaluating the Food and Drug Administration’s response to the Regan-Udall Foundation report on the operations of the Center for Tobacco Products. If you missed our first post, check it out here.

There is a common refrain that appears throughout the Reagan-Udall Foundation report on the Center for Tobacco Products (CTP) at the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) — lack of transparency. The report found that stakeholders generally perceived premarket tobacco product applications (PMTAs) — required for all electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) on the market — as “ineffective and problematic” due in part to a “lack of adequate guidance and transparency regarding CTP expectations,” as well as a “lack of clarity regarding review standards.”

The Troutman Pepper Tobacco Team was featured in part two of a two-part podcast on recent developments in the tobacco industry and what to expect for the coming year. In this podcast, Bryan Haynes, Agustin Rodriguez and Nick Ramos discuss tobacco excise taxes; challenges to flavor bans; FDA’s regulation of

FDA’s approach to a premarket tobacco product application (PMTA) raises new questions about whether its marketing denial order was arbitrary and capricious and whether the deliberative-process exemption justifies its withholding of related records. The Agency’s approach is partially documented in a memorandum that FDA disclosed in response to a Freedom of Information Act request, and there is pending litigation over other records that FDA continues to withhold. 

May a federal agency that has issued its final determination on a PMTA set aside a portion of its written analysis and withhold those records under the deliberative-process exemption to the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA)? What if those records actually support the PMTA or undermine the purported bases for the agency’s action? These are questions stemming from two pending cases involving FDA and JUUL Labs, Inc. (JLI). In No. 22-1123 (D.C. Cir.), JLI claims that FDA’s marketing denial order (MDO) on its PMTAs was arbitrary and capricious in violation of the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (TCA) and the Administrative Procedure Act (APA). In No. 1:22-cv-02853 (D.D.C.), JLI claims that FDA’s withholding of these records is not supported by FOIA’s deliberative-process exemption.

On March 8, the Food and Drug Administration announced that it is proposing a long-awaited rule on so-called “tobacco product manufacturing practices.”  Here are some preliminary thoughts on the proposed rule:

  • The timing of the proposed rule was a bit of a surprise. Although the proposed rule had been listed as a priority on FDA’s regulatory agenda for some time, nothing indicated that this proposal was imminent. And FDA has identified a number of other rulemaking priorities for 2023, including the proposed ban on menthol cigarettes, the proposed ban on characterizing flavors in cigars and a proposed standard on nicotine levels in cigarettes. It is becoming more and more clear that new leadership at FDA and the Center for Tobacco Products will be working aggressively to impose new requirements on industry.

In a largely symbolic gesture, Representative Shelia Cherfilus-McCormick has introduced the “Disposable ENDS Product Enforcement Act of 2023.”  The bill is characterized as closing “the Trump Administration’s loophole on disposable electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS),” but would practically accomplish nothing other than expressing Congress’ will that FDA enforce the law under its existing authority.

On February 24, 2023, the Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) issued a response to the report prepared by the Reagan-Udall Foundation in December 2022. The Foundation’s report was originally commissioned by FDA Commissioner Robert Califf, highlighted a number of issues with the operations of the agency’s Center for Tobacco Products, which has been tasked with regulating tobacco and nicotine products in the U.S., and proposed 15 recommendations for consideration by the agency. You can read our summary of the report’s findings here.

The Troutman Pepper Tobacco Team was featured in part one of a two-part podcast on recent developments in the tobacco industry and what to expect for the coming year. In this podcast, Bryan Haynes, Agustin Rodriguez and Nick Ramos discuss developments at the federal level, including important happenings at FDA

On January 26, the Food and Drug Administration essentially threw up its hands and announced that Congress needs to create a new regulatory pathway for cannabidiol (CBD) products because the existing pathways are inadequate to mitigate possible health risks. The agency simultaneously denied three long-pending requests to allow marketing of CBD products as dietary supplements. The move came as a major setback to industry stakeholders that have waited years for clear guidelines on CBD from FDA.

The Reagan-Udall Foundation, an independent nonprofit created by Congress “to advance the mission of the FDA to modernize medical, veterinary, food, food ingredient, and cosmetic product development, accelerate innovation, and enhance product safety” recently released its report Operational Evaluation of Certain Components of FDA’s Tobacco Program. The report was commissioned by FDA Commissioner Robert Califf in July, 2022 amid ongoing controversy over the agency’s handling of premarket tobacco product applications (PMTAs) for electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) and a lack of enforcement against unlawful ENDS.